[IndispensableDestiny]

"A haplogroup is a genetic population group of people who share a common ancestor on the patriline or the matriline." The mtDNA is along the matriline. The main sub-Saharan haplogroups are L0, L1, L2, and L3. Some say L0 is extinct, some combine it with L1, others keep them separate.

Through mutation, natural selection (positive and negative), the groups evolve. All non-African groups came from L3 through N, including H, V, and others common in Africa. M went east to give us G, Y and others including those in Native Americans.

Some say this makes the younger haplogroups more evolved. What you take from that is up to you.

[Albion Wilde]

Thank you for the explanation, IndispensableDestiny. I see it is a sort of flow chart about human development.