The ED50 (median effective dose) is the dose of a medication that produces a specific effect in 50% of the population that takes that dose.
Interesting how a plant that looks so promising and the research is stopped. This was the conclusion in 2011
CONCLUSION
Carcinogenesis prevention is considered to be a promising alternative strategy for the treatment of cancer.
In recent years, many naturally occurring substances have demonstrated protection against experimental carcinogenesis.
Based on this information, this review presents compelling evidence for the use of mangosteen not only to prevent but also to treat cancer due to the similar molecular targets that affect tumor initiation, promotion, and progression.
Taken together, these results support that mangosteen can modulate various molecular pathways involved in multiple processes of carcinogenesis including the inactivation of carcinogens, the induction of apoptosis, the initiation of cell cycle arrest, and the suppression of metastasis.
It may be used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents as adjuvant therapies to achieve increased therapeutic efficacy and minimize chemotherapy-induced toxicity.
Although there is compelling evidence to suggest that xanthones from mangosteen may be a remarkable candidate for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic strategies due to its efficacy and pharmacological safety, further research must be conducted before the compounds can be employed as an agent for the chemoprevention/treatment of cancer.
Extensive animal studies, long-term epidemiologic studies, and controlled clinical trials are necessary to evaluate safety and chemopreventive efficacy of mangosteen either alone or in combination with additional chemotherapeutic agents.
Here, we emphasize that specific xanthone derivatives in future trials is important. α-mangostin, is the most widespread studied and exhibited the highest activity against breast cancer, human leukemia, lung cancer, pheochromocytoma, and colorectal carcinoma.
Therefore, α-mangostin should be preferentially used to study for these cancers in future clinical trials. Garcinone E, the most toxic on hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines [24], was valid against gastric carcinoma cell lines [24], indicating it is good to use in alimentary system tumor trials.