To say that something is "typical" implies that numerous, similar incidents have occurred to which the incident in question may be compared.
Name three.
As for ...drags a portion of space cold behind it, a weather Cold Front brings a MASS of cold air with it and the cold air (low energy) molecules absorb some of the heat energy (molecules in motion) from surrounding warm air and from our hands, faces, etc. Your theory posits a "cold" vacuum with no molecules to be accelerated. Expansion of warm air into a vacuum will cause adiabatic cooling. Infrared radiation from a warm earth occurs through the atmosphere out into space.
Space is "cold" because heat radiates from a warm body. There is no heat loss from Conduction or Convection, only Radiation.
The main problem is that the Kinetic energy of a "fast comet fragment" would be converted into enormous amounts of heat energy.
Meteorite impact caused the highest temperature ever recorded on Earth's surface
You beat me to debunking the “drags a portion of space cold behind it” theory. I suppose you could have some kind of event where a hole gets punched in the atmosphere and super cold upper atmosphere air fills the vacuum somehow, sucking the heat out of everything. But that would take some pretty contrived circumstances and an explanation of where the kinetic energy from such an event went.
As for the sudden shift of the Earth’s crust flash-freezing Mammoths, even if shifting the crust that fast somehow didn’t leave any evidence of massive tectonic disturbances, there would still be a lot of residual heat. Stuff would simply not freeze that fast.
What ever the explanation is, the hypotheses presented so far are not viable.