Thank you for that bit of extra history.
As a kid reading about WWII, I couldn’t figure out why the convoy system didn’t get utilized until later.
I was eight years old when Pearl Harbor was attacked - too little to remember that or much of WWII. I did remember when the New Jersey seacoast was closed for “national defense”. Even as a kid I wondered why. My dad worked at a seaman’s YMCA in NYC and said the guys were telling him the government closed the beaches so people wouldn’t see all the bodies floating ashore.
The coastal businesses complained that the blackout would cost them tourist dollars, so they remained lit up. That back-lighted the ships hugging the coast and gave the U-boat skippers a beautiful silhouette.