That quote from the article jumped out at me too. There may have been exceptions and later Wilson issued the segregation orders.
The Army had segregated units - the Buffalo soldiers. You named two regiments. The Navy was roughly at one time about 25% integrated with black enlisted. (I’ve never read about any black naval officers from those times!)In the primarily wind, wood & spar Navy if you could climb aloft unfurl or unfurl sail in bad seas they we’re too picky about skin color.
Wilson ended that!
Wilson also ended blacks in the civil service. (I think I remember that right!)