[D Rider]

Underinflated balls travel farther due to less resistance, (surface area per weight.) They are softer to catch, especially in the cold. But they also react to compression different, and may respond by bouncing out out of a grip easier.

There may be some instances where the advantages may be significant. But if you suck, you still suck. And even Brady sucks sometime.

[jjotto]

Since there’s no statistical difference in Brady’s performance before and after Deflategate, the charge is actually that the NFL itself is cheating on Brady’s behalf, given the game ball procedures:

https://operations.nfl.com/the-game/gameday-behind-the-scenes/nfl-game-ball-procedures/

[lepton]

Underinflated balls travel farther due to less resistance, (surface area per weight.)

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Everyone else’s testing showed balls deflated by 2 PSI travelled trivially (such as Sports Sciences result of 1-2” for a 20 yd throw at 50 mph) less far due to less weight (about 1.5 gram) increasing the relative effect of wind resistance.