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Soldiers in the trenches were too worried about getting killed to become atheistic. My understanding is that they were very superstitious. That's understandable when one's very life is put in the hands of fate or chance.

There was the famous postwar disillusionment after the war, but while it was going on, people were too busy and frightened to just give up on life and the idea that there was some purpose to the universe.

Finding a few prominent atheists who went to war doesn't change that. There probably were atheists on the battlefield in most modern wars, but my guess is that those who went into the war as unbelievers probably weren't many.

I don't quarrel with your quotes, but they may be the result of soldiers' general revulsion with the rhetoric of those at home, rather than a hostility to religion in particular.