Two other issues with specialization:
(i) Specialized fields often attract fellow travelers in terms of politics and belief systems; having generalists around with sufficient understanding to independently critically assess their “profession” limits their political power and reach. On the flip side, having tightly sequestered specialists with no critical review leads to the rise of pseudo-scientific disciplines like the many “studies” we have today.
(ii) True geniuses are capable of making lasting contributions to many fields, which is missed through specialization.
People of the same trade seldom meet together even for merriment and diversion, but the conversation ends in a conspiracy against the public or some contrivance to raise prices.
Wealth of Nations, p. 1 p. 207