Actually, it’s worse than that. All modern solid state electronic devices would be burned to a crisp, regardless of state (powered on or off). Only some older analog systems would survive. The problem is we no longer have replacement parts for critical infrastructure. We couldn’t repair or replace half of the required components for the grid.
Military and some government systems would survive to a better degree, but even then, they would be severely degraded. Diesel engines and antique cars would work, and it’s probable that some small areas would be relatively intact due to geographic and atmospheric conditions.
Regardless, the societal effects would be incalculable. No one can predict the response or resultant chaos. The entire world economic system would collapse and global war would likely follow. The rush to secure resources would be immediate and violent on a scale never considered.
There is no historical precedent for such scenarios. The only way the US could achieve parity on the world stage would be to degrade other nations’ capabilities.
In 1858 (I think I got that date right!) there was a natural EMP event. There was a CME - Corona Mass Ejection that was so energetic it caused earth-to-ground sparking on telegraph poles. I think I have read that some operators were electrocuted but none fatality.
That would be the nearest historical societal event that would be an analog to a serious EMP attack.