Your centralized diagram does not describe the current Internet in terms of data paths.
You’re correct, and as mentioned, it’s difficult for me to put into words. I’m in no way shape or form trying to act like I know that much about this stuff. In fact I just started reading about it all a few weeks ago. That said, I’ve read information that presents ways for connections to not have to travel through ISP servers. This is why I included corporations after government.
Please feel free to explain in further detail. I have a lot to learn about this stuff :)