If the Emperor had said to fight to the last man, woman, an child, they would have. We weren’t facing just uniformed soldiers. That said, they had withheld their Army and air power to meet us in Japan. We were facing an enemy that by our own estimates would have caused us at least 1 million dead and wounded. Truman (Not my favorite person by any stretch) knew this and authorized nuclear weapons. For all that I have read, he only did so after reading the military estimations, which we now know were reasonably accurate but still on the light side of Japanese capabilities.
Having been an army replacement infantryman on Leyte on Leyte being readied for the invasion of Japan I can say I had mixed emotions. My only brother had been killed on Okinawa a few months earlier and I was wanting to see every Jap killed even with my participation. A few months on Leyte after the war ended I was glad the bombs were dropped and I and thousands of others did not have to go into Japan.