Elephant rage, I suspect, is another term for “musth”. Musth is the hormonal condition that male elephants develop during mating season, when they become incredibly aggressive. They’ll attack pretty much anything that moves, sometimes even including the female elephants they’re competing for. Moose and buck deer in rut have nothing on a crazed bull elephant.
Alternately, sometimes elephants that are used in domesticated situations, such as performing animals, work animals or ceremonial/riding animals will simply “snap” and lash out. While not as implacable as a bull in musth, any angry elephant is still incredibly dangerous, and such animals regularly kill people as they rampage through the area. The actual cause of such episodes is not really understood, but may derive from stress.
Drunk elephants are completely different. They’re more like a belligerent drunk human, only scaled up to the size and strength of an elephant. They throw things, make a lot of noise, stumble into things (often knocking down whatever they hit), and will take a swing at anyone who gets near, but due to intoxication are not capable of the concentrated, deliberate mayhem that a sober elephant can manage.
Interesting....stuff are the owners held for elephant damages?