Actually, I recall POWs in WWII used to make crude crystal radios with a tiny bit of wire and an old razor blade as a detector. I would assume as long as you could find a source for even a poor semiconductor or even a piece of crystal on the island (volcanic, no?) and enough dissimilar metals you could build a functional one. Not very efficient, but workable.
It was the first functioning receiver I ever built. Having 2 clear channel AM stations nearby helped reception. ;)
/johnny