There are some really good books on the subject, but I’ll give you what I’ve learned:
Water takes a specific and predictable amount of time to get from one end of your dog to the other. Same with solid food.
As such, do not leave a dish of water and/or food down at all times. Put the water and food down at specific times of the day (water more often than food), and then pick the bowls up off of the floor. Then time how long it takes for the dog to then pee and poop and from then on you will know how much soon after to take your dog out to pee (if fed water) or poop (if fed food).
If you learn your dog pees 10 minutes after drinking water, be outside with your dog sooner than 10 minutes after you give your dog water. And when your dog goes outside, make an embarassingly big positive deal about it.
no truer words ever said, we have 3 small breed dogs, first 2 were easy, newest addition a female Morkie is the Alpha of the 3, we got her at 6 weeks, and she did cry for 3 days in the crate. Food 3 times a day, water in the bottle all the time, but 1 hr trips out through out the day. She did not take more than 3 months to potty train. And goes into her crate willingly when we go off or for the night. We use the Pee pads too and left a trail of them outside the crate, just in case she could not wait. Having to take her down the stairs took time.
30 minutes is the rule after feeding to take them out, but with smaller breeds it is more like 15 minutes. Now she is eating on schedule with the older dogs, and has brought them some life, they had become couch potatoes due to age.
Ceaser Milano Dog Whisper has some great tips on dogs, we used some on the older ones and broke some bad habits.
Keep a lot of things the dog can chew on like basted rawhide, teething will see your shoes, clothes, furniture and walls chewed up other wise. Don’t forget toys the right size for that breed. Finding small toys for a toy breed was a hard thing as most were cat toys. You should have no problem with the toys size as Labs are much larger breed than my Morkie she is all of 5 lbs. Don’t invest a lot of money in toys until the chew it up stage is finished, then you can buy better toys. I found this great one it comes in several sizes. And Libby has not managed to chew it up yet. http://www.amazon.com/JW-Pet-Company-Hol-ee-5-Inches/dp/B0002DJX44/ref=sr_1_14?ie=UTF8&qid=1373807549&sr=8-14&keywords=dog+balls
Do not feed your dog from the table, if you want to give scraps give them in their feeding bowl with their food.