Isn't it “That which DOESN"T kill you makes you stronger”? There's a song out like that and it makes more sense.
“That which doesn’t...” is the original Nietzsche (an aphorism from the book Twilight of the Idols, and, as some have noted, swiped from Goethe, a hundred years earlier); but in Story of Ricky, every time the hero is grievously injured, he recovers without a scratch, and every time he is apparently killed, he gets even stronger.
I think about the only other time that motif has been used is in Dragon Ball Z.
In any event, especially when a little tipsy, Story of Ricky is hilariously bad, including the infamous scene where a giant bad guys makes another man’s head explode by clapping his hands together on either side of it.
It achieves that rare artistic goal found in the old EC horror comics, of “so horrible that it’s funny”.