As for diamonds, they would be useless in a barter situation, unless you're bartering in the diamond district of New York or Amsterdam, and then all you would get for them is (a lot of) cash. Diamonds can not be thought of as a medium of exchange like gold.
As for small portable resources, it never hurts to have a bug out bag ready.
In the American West in 1876, a gold coin would get you a horse, and another would get you a gun and a month’s provisions.