[Ditto]

Incorrect. Had the Philly delegates done what they were authorized to do---amend the Articles of Confederation to give the Congress power to tax and power to regulate commerce, both your complaints would have been negated.

So how would things be different than under the Constitution?

[Huck]

The biggest most decisive differences are that the Articles contained “expressly delegated” powers, whereas the Constitution contains implied powers, and the Articles did not have a permanent judiciary, but rather a judiciary appointed as needed, with a much smaller scope of power. Those two differences alone are decisive. You combine implied powers with Article 3 powers, and you get what we have.