Wrong. The study doesn’t do anything at all, except show that some fragments of DNA, supposedly from some very old remains of a single individual, show some supposed variation. The morphological evidence is that Neandertal is the ancestor of modern Europeans. It hasn’t anything to do with evolution, it has to do with breeding, something humans do with alacrity.
Sorry, but that's dead wrong. With other humans yes, but not with apes or any hominid. That's what that big article of James Shreeve's in Discover was all about, i.e. the anomalous total lack of evidence of crossbreeding under conditions where much would be expected and also the gist of those articles on PlosBiology which note that the neanderthal made no contribution to the present gene pool. The DNA evidence resolves the mystery.
Any two modern humans can breed together because the only differences in the picture are racial or subspecies difference. The neanderthal is not another race of modern man, but a separate species.