The only thing stopping me from finishing the math part in about 5 minutes was the fact that nobody I know knows what a rod is, how to get the size of an acre, what a bushel of wheat is, how to write a promissory note. In addition that language style is not really used anymore.
All of these are useful measures in the country. A rod is the lengthy of on lane of traffic, so country roads are exactly 33 feet wide.
The acre can be calculated by squaring the number of feet in a mile (5280') and dividing by the number of acres in a section (640).
A bushel is about the size of a normal sized laundry basket and so-sized because it can be safely carried when filled by an average harvester. The weight, of course, will vary by content, even if it is the same product. But wheat is typically about 60 pounds to the bushel. The peck (1/4 of a bushel) was a convenience for farmer's markets (and still is) for customers who couldn't use a full bushel.
Our modern checks actually have their origin in the promissory notes which were sold in a small pad in stationery stores or even country banks back in the days when one's good name was their credit. Some areas had such a shortage of cash that promissory notes were actually passed around as a medium of exchange in some locales. The larger general stores in the town accepted them before checkwriting came common and knew the drawer would always be in to redeem them in the fall the day their harvest was sold to the grain elevator.
Some stores actually went further and gave the customer a "Storebook" which looked more or less like a bank passbook. The customers brought in the storebook to be updated with each transaction.
In my hometown, it was still common in the 1970's for small merchants who got non-sufficient funds (NSF) checks returned to tape them up in the shop window or customer service counter. The writers of those checks were very quick to come in and pay cash for the check just to get it out of the window before word got around town.
The only thing that stopped you from finishing was a lack of ambition.
The test is about what the teacher taught the student. What is the cost of a square farm at $15 per acre, the distance around which is 640 rods?
First, it tells you the farm is square. It also tells you the distance around the square farm is 640 rods, which means the farm has four 160 rod long sides. Therefore, a rod must be a measure of distance. Today, as then, an acre is a measure of land equaling 160 square rods, 10 square chains, 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet, or 0.405 hectares. Today, as then, a rod is a linear measure equal to 5.5 yards or 16.5 feet (5.03 meters). Also called pole.
Would it be easier for you if the question were more modern? What is the cost of a square farm at $15 $4,500.00 per acre, the distance around which is 640 rods 10,650 feet?
The most striking concept of this test is that in order for it to be graded the teacher would actually have to read the students’ answers. The teacher would be able to discern a student's thought process in his answer. What a novel idea.