Replies

enter the search term “evolution” and then tell me that of the thousands of Scientific articles cited you cannot find a single one that utilizes the Scientific method.

I've got a better idea. Show me just one of them that uses the scientific method to support your claim that hoofed and winged mammals came from something other than hoofed and winged mammals.

So do you believe that hoofed and winged mammals were there right from the beginning? You can admit it. No need to be embarrassed.

Sure I do. I'm not embarrassed. Nor am I afraid to admit that my belief is based on faith. The difficult (or impossible) thing for the ToE koolaid drinker to swallow is that their theory is also based on faith.

Now, do you believe that hoofed and winged mammals evolved from bacteria? You can admit it, no need to be embarrassed. At least you have the support of the masses, that should give you some comfort in the absence of verifiable science.

You made the claim that the Scientific Method wasn't applicable to the Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection; and now you refuse to back it up.

So you REALLY believe that all species (or “kinds” if you prefer) that ever existed on earth were created at the same moment? Amazing how much Scientific evidence one must ignore to come to that particular position. T. Rex roamed with Humans and Austrolopithocine the three toed horse and the Dodo! Wow! What a magically ludicrous world you must live in.

And no, eukaryotes evolved from bacteria. Multicellular eukaryotes evolved from single cell eukaryotes. Hoofed and winged mammals evolved from other mammals.

And do you admit that nylon digesting bacteria is an example of a “gain of information”? You did the typical “it is still a bacteria” dance, but previously you intimated that the loss of information example of a fish in a cave becoming eyeless was the only type of evolution ever observed. Do you revise your remarks such that you do now accept that molecular evolution can take place such that an enzyme can change substrates and thus lead to an entirely new lifestyle for a species?

The evolution of powered flight in mammals required specific developmental shifts from an ancestral limb morphology to one adapted for flight. Through studies of comparative morphogenesis, investigators have quantified points and rates of divergence providing important insights into how wings evolved in mammals. Herein I compare growth, development and skeletogenesis of forelimbs between bats and the more ancestral state provided by the rat (Rattus norvegicus) and quantify growth trajectories that illustrate morphological divergence both developmentally and evolutionarily. In addition, I discuss how wing shape is controlled during morphogenesis by applying multivariate analyses of wing bones and wing membranes and discuss how flight dynamics are stabilized during flight ontogeny. Further, I discuss the development of flight in bats in relation to the ontogenetic niche and how juveniles effect populational foraging patterns. In addition, I provide a hypothetical ontogenetic landscape model that predicts how and when selection is most intense during juvenile morphogenesis and test this model with data from a population of the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus.

Author Contacts

Dr. Rick A. Adams
School of Biological Sciences
University of Northern Colorado
Greeley, CO 80639 (USA)
Tel. +1 970 351 2057, Fax +1 970 351 2335, E-Mail rick.adams@unco.edu

Published online: December 11, 2007
Number of Print Pages : 11
Number of Figures : 13, Number of Tables : 0, Number of References : 67