Neither actually..it was popular in both Persia and India before the Arabs played chess. Additionally, the so-called Arabic numeral system was an invention of the Hindus in ancient India. The Ababs borrowed it it and later popularized it in Europe during the Muslim rule in Spain.
Honestly, I can't think of a single thing that Arabs invented. This PC exhibition is just a joke!!
Look here for a synopsis of several of these inventions. http://news.independent.co.uk/world/science_technology/article350594.ece
If you look at the story behind the invention and remove the fluff, you can almost see the truth.
They invented islam which has pretty much back up the colon of that part of the world since then.