I am pretty sure the "red phone" came after the Cuban Missil Crisis, and initially was a teletype machine, not a telephone.
According to web sources, the B-58 had a top speed of 1325 mph and a range, without refueling, of 4400 miles...Could have flown from Turkey like the U2...In 62 the Russions didn't have either lookdown or over the horizon radar..At that speed even scrambled migs couldn't have caught up....who knows?????