CPI is Price Inflation, but of course there is also monetary inflation - or 'classical' inflation. Don't know if shadowstats tracks that.
Yes, his fictional graphs are very funny.
In addition to standard monetary inflation there is also the impact of private issuance of credit.
The common use of credit cards means that a lot of “new money” can make it into the system if people choose to run up their personal debt.
Standard bank loans (or loans by any other entity for that matter) can increase the “money supply” as well.
If people pay down their credit cards or personal debt that reduces the “money supply”.