I don’t know about official studies,but I do know from vast personal experience and the observations I made with the many addicts I knew personally.
Also note that the same sort of correlation between earlier marijuana and later harder drugs also exists between earlier alcohol and tobacco and later illegal drugs - so if marijuana is a "gateway" so are alcohol and tobacco.
I dont know about official studies,but I do know from vast personal experience and the observations I made with the many addicts I knew personally.
So you know for a fact that they didn't have individual opportunities and unique propensities to use drugs, or social or psychological predispositions towards anti-social behavior?