There are a lot of jobs upstream of the construction, making or sourcing (hopefully not outsourcing overseas) all the things needed to do construction: Tools, heavy equipment, light equipment, building materials, Gatorade for the construction workers, this time of year!, and so on. These tend to be long term jobs so long as building of data centers is popular. They are scattered around the country, of course.
In my area: The new $100 billion AI data center campus planned for the former Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant near Paducah, Kentucky, is expected to create approximately 8,000 construction jobs, and 600 permanent jobs.
Plus 600 permanent jobs. Minus hundreds of thousands of jobs in every sector of our GPD replaced with the AI that Data Center is designed to support. The real world math does not add up to a positive sum. They are literally designed to eliminate jobs elsewhere on a massive scale.