I was on a Carnival cruise last years and we took a tour of the bridge. The captain told us that there was a sort of radar which swept down the sides of the ship and detected anything thrown overboard, even a soda can. If a person is suspected of falling overboard, there is a button they push which automatically activates an emergency routine. A lighted die marker and floatation devices are released, the exact GPS coordinates are marked, and the ship's computer executes a turn to bring it back to the spot where the victim should be taking wind and the current into account.
I happen to know that is absolutely true. This was featured in the lost season of the Andy Griffith Show episode 2.
