Weight plus mileage would do the trick.
As long as the gasoline tax was repealed entirely.
EV’s, gasoline fueled and diesel vehicles would be taxed on an equal basis.
Heck, in a display of good faith, I’ll even call for taxing bicycles on the same basis: weight plus mileage. Of course, to do that fairly, we’d have to add bike lines (or at least wide shoulders) to all highways. If done fairly, I’m sure the cycling community would lend its enthusiastic support. As a simplifying matter, people could just pay a $10 tax upfront at the time of purchase and not fool with annually tracking mileage. And that would probably be overpaying ....:)
How about privatizing the interstates and putting maintenance of other roads back to the states? Any progressive taxation comes from the Communist Manifesto.