Do you realize almost every founding father was a protectionist? Do you realize the British Empire was built on the back of Mercantilism? I'd say history has settled the question, you are wrong.
Not true.
And indeed - several of them flip-flopped.
But generally?
Hamilton was a protectionist - but there limits. In a new nation, he wanted tariffs towards 2 ends: 1)Federally assume the colonial debts - and they needed revenue, and 2)foster nascent industry in a fledgling nation. The very first piece of legislation under the constitution - the 1789 tariff - was his baby.
Madison was more balanced - the death of the original ‘Federalist’ party was really a breach between Madison (and Adams, to some extent) and Hamilton.
Adams was more fretful - brilliant guy, but he was primarily worried about the implications on foreign policy and always like the British more than French.
Jefferson was a free trader through and through.
Washington? I have lots of respect - as anyone does and should - for him as a leader, but he wasn’t a deep thinker on theory or policy and all for the better? He was more free trade than not - most southern planters were free traders; it was mostly the northerners at that time that were protectionists, but he just wanted a pragmatic, balanced approach that would avoid discord. That’s why he was the perfect man to be the first POTUS. He recognized getting consensus was far more important than any ideology or theory.