Italy was heterogenous, Mussolini could not have afforded to exalt one race above all others. Italians would have rolled their eyes at such an approach, and dismissed him.
Scapegoats focus the discontent of the people, gets them agitated in one direction. (Alinsky’s pick-a-target strategy.) It worked in Germany, where anti-semitism was in the soil already. It certainly worked in Japan.
Racism isn’t essential to fascism, it’s just half of the bait and switch in some countries.
And then there’s Turkey. Over the centuries they exterminated Zoroastrians, Jews, Greeks, Armenians. Nothing works a crowd like Islam.