I have always detested wild animals locked in cages, or dogs chained to a stake. Most zoos nowdays do have suitable enclosures for their wild animals and that seems OK.Their medical and nutritional needs are well met.
A dog on a generous but lite line can be spared a violent death by a car or truck
And some large bull breeds need a chain or strong cable
Tie a master line maybe 100-200 feet tween trees and the collar line of say 30-40 feet that travels the master
There are worse fates for a dog
Or stake securely a long line works too in a field
Now serious pulling dogs like Scott style American bulldogs can snap a large logging chain after many hard snap tugs
On my farm mine roamed the property
Now renting a smallish ranch house they live inside or car with me daily
In fact I just put the big Rott and Chorgi mini me in the infinity suv
Lazy Rott had to be picked up 140 pounds
I’m 67 almost lol
And some dogs like their kennel
I just saw”wild” animals
I’m so stupid