RE: In ancient Jewish tradition, specifically according to the laws outlined in the Torah, the practice of yibbum (levirate marriage) was a key response to a situation where a man died without leaving an heir.
I cannot answer for the Jews, but if you are NOT a Jew, you are NOT required to follow that practice ( otherwise every Christian will be guilty of sinning when he eats food that are not kosher ). Christians are required to obey MORAL laws, but are not required to obey Sabbath ( we don’t follow the Jewish Sabbath ), and Holy days, circumcision, animal sacrifices, etc.
In Galatians 5:1-6 - Paul argues against the requirement for Christians to follow Jewish ceremonial laws, stating that Christ has set us free. He writes, “For freedom Christ has set us free; stand firm therefore, and do not submit again to a yoke of slavery.”
You miss the point that Catholics see in this scripture. There was a ceremonial jewish punishment for refusing to give your brother an heir that applied in this OT passage. God Himself gave an extra punishment (death), instead of allowing just the regular punishment, and Catholics take it to be because he spilled his seed and not because he refused to give his brother an heir.
I am hopeful that Catholics and Protestants don’t necessarily need to have identical lists of sins to come to similar conclusions on right and wrong. I am hopeful that the general directive to “go forth and multiply” would inspire both denominations of Christianity. Unfortunately, in todays culture, that does not seem to be the case.