That is birthrate, and is at odds with the broad population gain:
“The growth rate of the overall population of Israel is 1.9%. For Muslims, 2.14%, so their proportion will relentlessly grow. The Israel Muslim population is 30+% age 0-14 and only 6% are 65+.”
I suppose the answer would be birthrate is per X females. If there are more females, a lower rate will still yield more babies. That age distribution may be the answer.