I watched a youtuber run “shotgun for home defense” penetration tests on plywood boards simulating inside home tests of shotgun pellet sizes,
ALL, including dove loads, blew chunk holes within 10ft, bigger buckshot tore through multiple “walls”. Like 4 of them!
Yes Virginia, 00 buck can over penetrate flimsy inside walls and hit a neighbor.
Most homes don't have plywood walls and sheetrock aka gypsum board is nowhere near as tough as plywood.
I did help build a house with a Man that was raised in the Depression Era and He wasted nothing. The 3 story house was built entirely of salvaged materials except the nails. The walls were sheathed with 1/2" plywood and later the Son had Me cover the plywood with 1/2" sheetrock that was taped, floated and painted. As a rule the walls in just about every new house are just 1/2" sheetrock. When the Son finally moved into the house it ended up being 5 stories plus a huge basement that was more of a Fallout Shelter than a basement. From the top of the finished house (that was a sundeck) in Lago Vista, TX you could see All of Lakeway, TX on the other end of Lake Travis.