Yes; the article said they analyzed how one bead rubbed against another. I hope it was computer-aided!
Computing can help this century will validate so much of what we think we know about history, and cast other stuff on the trash heap. If we are allowed to remain free...
The researcher used a silicon caulk, injected into the core of each bead he studied. When it set up, he pulled it out to examine the grooves and such. Through experiment, he reproduced the various patterns, identifying distinct techniques the drillers used, and probably local/regional “schools” of the manufacturing methods.