Didn’t Arizona try to prosecute illegal immigrants under Federal law and was stopped/prevented by the Federal Government? I seem to recall something of the sort.
Still a great question.
Here is a link to an article discussing such a case in Arizona that the Feds overruled.
https://www.leonardolawoffices.com/immigration-crimes-arizona-alien-smuggling-illegal-reentry/
Again, I think it’s a great and relevant question.