Good Info/Data, I see where you get 12 miles. BUT, the issue at hand is how far a U.S. State such as Alabama or Texas could extend it’s state law jurisdiction on abortion out into the Gulf of Mexico. The 12 miles is for international affairs between the U.S. and other countries. Presumably, a barge or ship would have to be 9 miles plus off the Texas coast to perform abortions without risk of violating Texas law.
I have been on small gambling/casino ships that went out past the 9 mile Texas limit and then turned on the slots and opened up the tables.