An interesting factoid !
At 150 degrees, and in a dive, they escaped the pressure blast, and still had the airplane body as a partial shield,
and were still able to continue their flight undamaged.
I'll bet there was a lot of theoretical physics compiled to reach that conclusion.
The bomb had a proximity fuse and was supposed to detonate about 90 feet above the ground. Tibbets squadron dropped practice bombs with a small charge. On one run he was piloting, the fuse malfunctioned and the charge detonated immediately after the practice bomb left the aircraft.
I think my source for that information was The Making of the Atomic Bomb by Richard Rhodes