An artist’s rendition of what a Minatogawa man looked like (Illustrated by Teruya Yamamoto and provided by the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo)
An artist’s rendition of what a Minatogawa man looked like (Illustrated by Teruya Yamamoto and provided by the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo)
Definitely Jomon and not Yayoi
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Siberians! the mtDNA of Minatogawa 1 is an ancestral form of haplogroup M but an ‘outside of Africa’ mutation. M1 is concentrated the highest in Algeria (14% maternal lineages) M2 is most common to India, M4 is found in Euphrates. M2,3,4,5 and 6 common to Oceania and the South Seas including the Philippines.
“The Palaeolithic mitogenome sequence was not found to be a direct ancestor of any of Jomon, Yayoi, and present-day Japanese people. However, it was an ancestral type of haplogroup M, a basal group of the haplogroup M.”
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-91357-2
” haplogroups N9b and M7a were observed in Hokkaido Jomons bore out the hypothesis that these haplogroups are the (pre-) Jomon contribution to the modern Japanese mtDNA pool. Moreover, the fact that Hokkaido Jomons shared haplogroup D1 with Native Americans validates the hypothesized genetic affinity of the Jomon people to Native Americans”
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18951391/
Minatogawa wasn’t a direct ancestor, but had a common ancestor with the Jomon, who were eurasian siberians, stone tooled, hunter gatherers that migrated to northern Japan over glaciers via Russia/Siberia and inland China. According to a 2020 genetic study they were distinct from southeast asians. Minatogawa split from the ancestor population about the same time as pre-American Indians split. Unfortunately, it is claimed the bones of Minatogawa man were found with other cannibalized individuals.
https://heritageofjapan.wordpress.com/pacing-the-paleolithic-path/
The “...Higashimyo individual belonged to mitochondrial DNA haplogroup M7a1....northern Jōmon had partially distinct SNP haplotypes, including alleles for facial features absent in East Asians and southern Jōmon... which are commonly found among Europeans and Middle-Easterners but absent from Japanese people and other East Asians. These alleles possibly arrived into the Jōmon period population from paleolithic Siberian geneflow, associated with the spread of the microblade culture. “
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_people#Full_genome_analyses_of_2020
M7A is found in northern Japan, 15% in the Ainu and 20% in Okinawans. The below paper proposes that Anzick-1 (clovis) carried the M7b1 haplogroup. It is estimated that the Anzick baby must have been from a very small, and long-isolated gentically bottlenecked population, meaning no admixing with other populations for at least a few generations.
https://dna-explained.com/2014/09/23/analyzing-the-native-american-clovis-anzick-ancient-results/
now an interesting thing about M7 haplogroup is, they are prone to old age disability and abnormalities in o2 processing and ROS induced systemic stress. Is the mutation a throwback to an ice-age environment? Did oxidative stress affect Minatogawa man?
” mtDNA haplogroup M7 was associated with an increased risk of disability (OR = 3.18 [95% CI = 1.29-7.83], P = 0.012). The survival rate of the M7 haplogroup group (6.1%) was lower than that of the non-M7 haplogroup group (9.5%) after a 6-year follow-up. In cellular studies, cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cells with the M7 haplogroup showed distinct mitochondrial functions from the M8 haplogroup. Specifically, the respiratory chain complex capacity was significantly lower in M7 haplogroup cybrids than in M8 haplogroup cybrids. Furthermore, an obvious decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and 40% reduced ATP-linked oxygen consumption were found in M7 haplogroup cybrids compared to M8 haplogroup cybrids. Notably, M7 haplogroup cybrids generated more reactive oxygen species (ROS) than M8 haplogroup cybrids.”
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33193696/
By country, the Japanese are the shortest people on earth, the Dutch are the tallest.
The research is about an ancestral population for East Asians, Australasians and Native Americans plus Europe during the Pleistocene. This particular genetic sequence shows Minatogawa man was a member of the population that was ancestral to all Haplogroup M.
"These results show that Minato 1 does not make clear cluster with any of the other samples, suggesting the Minato 1 is not directly related to the Jomon, Yayoi, and present-day Japanese. But it located near the root of haplogroup M. This suggests that Minato1 belongs to the ancestral population of present-day Japanese but also to the ancestral population of present-day East Asians."
Population dynamics in the Japanese Archipelago since the Pleistocene revealed by the complete mitochondrial genome sequences
