Thank you, SOL.
I did a little bit of digging; seems to be known as ‘persistence surveillance systems’ or ‘wide area aerial surveillance systems’. Found articles about them flying over US cities back to the mid 2010s at least, including Phoenix.
https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/christianstork/spy-planes-over-american-cities (2017)
And before anyone gets their knickers in a twist, I didn’t say I condone them. I’m just reporting information.