You might know that the virus is transported inside the droplets of water that exists with the human breath. You see those droplets on cold days as they show up as a cloud when you exhale. A cotton quilt with batting provides 96 ± 2% (10 nm to 300 nm) and 96.1 ± 0.3% (300 nm to 6 μm) filtration of these droplets. The science on the filtration of various fabrics is done.
I have no doubt about the ability of your quilted mask to filter out droplets.
But what about the unintended consequences.
Might your mask become a breading ground for bacteria as those water droplets accumulate?
Might that bacteria and the increased moistness of your skin lead to skin infections (acne)?
Might the fact that your mask has become saturated with bacteria mean that you are now inhaling a high concentration of bacteria laden droplets that could lead to a respiratory infection?
Might the slowed velocity of your exhalation lead to an increase in the CO2 concentration in the air you inhale?
No modification to the environment you live in is going to be with out unintended consequences especially one that effects your respiratory system.
Cotton is absorbent. That is a huge help to removing viruses that you exhale. (I think the filtration is achieved by factors in addition to the pore size between threads. A less absorbent material would not work as well.)