[gleeaikin]

If pantethine is the same thing as Pantothenic Acid, then that is a B vitamin very important for strengthening the adrenal glands. I have been taking 200 to 500 mg. of PA for many years. The purpose for taking this supplements to to strengthen the immune system to either not get sick or only mildly ill or not get so sick you die. My personal recommendation for this period if not yet sick is:

One gram of Vitamin C in the morning and in the evening
One quality multivitamin/multimineral in the morning, and in the evening if under stress
2000 to 5000 IU of Vitamin D
Several calcium/magnesium/zinc tablets a day
Other supplements that you have found helpful

If ill or trying to help someone ill, Google the writings of Dr. Cathcart regarding use of high and intravenous Vitamin C dosage to save lives.

[PA Engineer]

Pantothenic Acid is a precursor to the sulfur cycle. Pantothenate kinase (4 different depending on body systems) is required for conversion to 4-phosphopantothenic acid for the actual entry into the cycle. From there the dominate reaction with cysteine is 4'-phosphopantothenolyl-l-cysteine and then 4-phosphopantetheine. This is the point where exogenous pantetheine enters the cycle via pantetheine kinase.

For reference, pantethine is the dysulfide bond of panteheine. Pantetheine and/or 4'-phosphopantetheine is converted by pantetheine-phospateadenylytransferase to dephosnpho-coenzyme A. The reaction then involves the protein dephospho-Coa kinase to convert to Coenzyme A. After CoA the diminutive reactions breakdown CoA to pantetheine again and then to Cysteamine via vanin proteins. From there cysteamine is converted via cysteamine deoxygenase to hypotaurine. Hypotaurine dehydrogenase converts hypotaurinte to taurine (bidirectional)

Pantetheine can also renter the cycle before the conversion to cysteamine.

That is one side of the cycle.

It is a bit complicated and autocorrect spelling makes it worse and me ready to hit the bed.

B5 is the feedstock as well as cysteine.

Complicated, however any breakdown in the cycle leads to many varied disease states including negative outcomes with viral infection and cancer.

Best.