Aerosol and surface stability of HCoV-19 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to SARS-CoV-1
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.09.20033217v1.full.pdf
Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents
March 2020
https://www.journalofhospitalinfection.com/article/S0195-6701(20)30046-3/fulltext
you didn’t ask about permeable, but this next link kind of goes with the nonpermeable stuff in that it highlights half-life.
half life on cardboard is about 3-1/2 hours and 3 days on plastics/steel:
https://www.benefitspro.com/2020/03/19/how-long-does-covid-19-live/?slreturn=20200302004844
although Forbes reports the half-life as:
around thirteen hours on steel and sixteen hours on plastic.
To kill germs, a very specific wavelength of ultraviolet light — 254 nanometers — is necessary. This particular type of ultraviolet light is produced by the Sun, but most of it is absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere.
As a result, very little of it ever reaches Earth’s surface. That’s why the special industries mentioned above must use special ultraviolet lamps to produce it.”
https://wonderopolis.org/wonder/can-the-sun-help-to-kill-germs
however, wonderopolis also talks about solar water disinfection - where heat and UV act to disinfect water in 6 hours. I’d imagine that would work for anything in direct sun and low humidity all day. But would depend more on how hot the object got, as opposed to how ambient temp.
Thanks for the links. Mainly the last one, as it is the UV I’m particularly curious about.
I wonder what the penetrance of 254 nm UV is in clear water? Or maybe that doesn’t matter much, as in 6 hours I’d guess all the water in a small bottle unevenly warmed would have slowly circulated near the sun-side of the bottle several times.
If we get a warm day I might check the temperature of such a bottle out in the sun. The article neglects to say “how warm”. For other items it appears 150 deg F for an hour should be plenty. I’m sure the effect is excellent if the object to be sterilized is placed on any surface that typically gets warm or hot in the sun, such as the hood of a car. So, for any item that can “take the heat”, so to speak, it should be easy to sun-cook any virus on it in short order. Just be sure some part of the item doesn’t melt. ;-)