Please point out to me an article, section or amendment that states that the first amendment can be disregarded by any local, state or federal official. Let me save you some time, there is none. You need to read and study the document. I know you have not.
Apparently one big problem in confronting the Wuhan Chinese Virus is that people are contagious several days before they are symptomatic. This means anyone could be a carriereven someone who looks and feels perfectly fine. The lockdowns are being adopted world-widenot just in the U.S. so virtually everyone in decision-making authority is making the same call.
No doubt there will lawsuits aplenty after this is all over. Right now, the courts are closed.
So you claim the 10th Amendment but that does not trump the 1st. That is for powers not in the Constitution. Sorry but the 1st is already there, so the 10th will not work.