Anti-Semitism in post WWI Europe was by no means limited to German society. It was a fairly widespread sentiment throughout continental Europe. It was the combination of a punitive, revanchist peace, an economic depression exacerbated by that punitive peace, and widespread Anti-Semitism that allowed Hitler and the Nazis to attain power in Germany.
Based on the Treaty of Brest-Litvosk that Germany imposed on the Russian Bolshevik government and other stated war aims, it seems likely that a German victory would likely have resulted in a punitive peace being imposed upon France. The depression probably would still have occurred, and there was a good bit of anti-Semitism prevalent in France. I think it’s likely that something similar to a Nazi party might well have arisen in France had Germany won. Maybe it wouldn’t have had a crazy, megalomaniac like Hitler leading it, so maybe such a French regime would not have engaged in the same evil as the Nazis, but I do think France would quite possibly have fallen prey to a similar ideological force.
In fact, Germany, before WWI was problably the least anti-semitic country on the continent. Many Jews fought for the Kaiser and earned Iron Crosses. Hitler even served with some Jews during the war.