How do they arrive at 12 years?
Who knows. Maybe 10 was too short and 15 too long and a dozen was the sweet spot some focus group told them fear would make them hand over power to them. Because this is all about grabbing power and money as it always is.
They pulled it out of their a$$e$. From Dr. Erlich in 1970: Population will inevitably and completely outstrip whatever small increases in food supplies we make,
Paul Ehrlich confidently declared in the April 1970 Mademoiselle. The death rate will increase until at least 100-200 million people per year will be starving to death during the next ten years.