A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. So lets explore one of your Little Knowledge areas.
The Van Allen Belts are donut shaped and not homogeneous. The Belts are only a problem while the crews are in them. They don’t stay in them, they travel through them.
Unmanned probes mapped out the Belts and allowed NASA to design routes that took Apollo crews through sparser regions where their total radiation exposure was less than what is normal for chest x-rays. Dose counters for the crews averaged 0.38 rads.
So while the conspiracy prone love to gobble up ideas like the Van Allen Belts wrecking the spaceship electronics or giving the astronauts lethal doses of radiation it’s just one more example of their fondness for special pleading and partial facts.
The van Allen belt protects the earth from the radiation from the sun (so I was taught). It isn’t the traveling through part that hurts/kills. It’s the on the other side part where you’re exposed to raw gamma radiation from the sun. Every other country couldn’t figure out how to keep things alive outside the belt. NASA figured it out with a little help from Stan Kubrick.
Barack Obama will explain for you that we “can't go beyond low earth orbit” at about 4:25
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-zzqW1WKZE
Yeah, and please explain the harnesses used by NASA nauts at about 19:20 and why we shouldn't be laughing our heads off?
The opening footage of Neil Armstrong on a movie set is pretty funny, too.