It looks like the Greek word is “stauros,” which can be translated “cross” or “stake.”
The Vulgate uses “crux” which is definitely “cross.”
My Latin is much better than my Greek.
It seems that having the arms spread out would make the punishment more agonizing.
Since the Romans were all about punishment, as an example to others, it seems like they would have NOT used a more "humane" method, like hanging.
According to the Bible, Jesus was on the cross for a LONG time.
If it was a "quick" death, they would have not opted for it.