Honestly, really don’t know (exactly). Made with yeast, it does ferment much like wine; giving it a ‘fizz’ described at the link. Made with tea and fruit juice/fruit.
Beverages made with vinegar = Shrubs
https://qz.com/quartzy/1380589/the-delicious-ways-that-we-drink-vinegar-around-the-world/
Home made Root Beer
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdZ4C4gAYto
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gIsBVVW-uPY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZ1Jt-JeED0
Home made Ginger Ale
https://www.epicurious.com/recipes/food/views/homemade-ginger-ale-358033
https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/homemade_ginger_ale/
https://www.thespruceeats.com/homemade-fresh-ginger-ale-recipe-1806054
Home made Ginger Beer
https://toriavey.com/toris-kitchen/the-old-fashioned-way-homemade-ginger-beer/
You are a wealth of culinary information!