Ham radio is a great resource but it’s not as simple as getting the license and shelling out some money. To get beyond local comms you’ll need a general ticket for HF. Join a local emergency communications group (ARES and/or RACES) and participate in a state or regional HF traffic (formal communications) net. You’ll learn how to cope with poor propagation and noise as well as learn how to communicate effectively under bad conditions e.g. by using relays.
There are established preparedness oriented nets that cover substantial portions of the country as well as digital systems that span the continent.
To get beyond local comms you’ll need a general ticket for HF.
I think we need to let people know that 'local comms' in the ham world are usually in the 50 mile range using small inexpensive radios through local repeaters maintained by local hams, many with backup power.
Another possibility that I haven't seen mentioned yet is a local wifi network. These networks can be as large as desired using standard computer wifi routers. An internet connection is not needed for this ad hoc type setup.
I have read about the use of local catv cable for a wired community network as well.