The local county deputies here (MN) carry .40 S&W.
In a major metro area, why would they under power their cops with 9mm?
9mm is the cheapest, and law enforcement ammunition is being assessed primarily by shooting blocks of gel. The ammunition manufacturers have designed their ammunition to perform on the gel test, and the latest ammunition designs don't show any great differences between calibers.
So according to the gel tests, the latest 9mm ammunition is basically the same as atomic bomb grade 10mm or 357 magnum. (ask any handgun hunter if that is true).
Because you never know if it's going to be a "shooting" or a "fight."
Doctors and coroners cannot tell a 9mm wound track from a .45.
This is with top of the line hollowpoint projectiles.
Story on it in SGN in the last year or so.